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sheepshaver_mac_os_x_setup [2018/06/17 02:20] – [First run, setup, basic functions] ronald_p._regensburgsheepshaver_mac_os_x_setup [2019/04/22 00:08] – [Booting SheepShaver and installing the system] ronald_p._regensburg
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-====== Setting up SheepShaver for Mac OS X ======+====== Setting up SheepShaver for OSX/macOS on Intel Macs ======
  
-(Last updated August 62017)+(Last updated April 122019)
  
-(You can also set up [[sheepshaver setup|SheepShaver for Windows]] and [[ubuntu|SheepShaver for Linux]])+(You can also set up SheepShaver versions [[sheepshaver mac os x setup old|for PPC Mac]], [[sheepshaver setup|for Windows]][[ubuntu|and for Linux]])
 ===== Introduction ===== ===== Introduction =====
  
 === === === ===
  
-This manual is revised for use with the 25-10-2009 and later builds of [[SheepShaver]].+This manual is revised for use with the **July 2018 and later builds of [[SheepShaver]] for Intel Macs**.\\ 
 +For older SheepShaver builds that will run on PPC Macs, see this [[sheepshaver mac os x setup old|older setup guide]].
  
-**Download SheepShaver application from [[http://www.emaculation.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=20&t=7360|this forum topic]]. Please read all information on that page, not all newer information is included in this manual yet.**+**Download both SheepShaver Folder and SheepShaver application from [[http://www.emaculation.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=20&t=7360|this forum topic]].\\ 
 +Please read the information on that page, newer information may not yet be included in this manual.**
  
-We start with the description of a classic setup with all files together in a folder named "SheepShaver". That folder can be anywhere you like, for instance in your Applications folder or in your Home folder. In this setup, with the needed files together with SheepShaver in the SheepShaver folder, no full paths are required for configuration, just the file names will work. However, files and folders can be renamed and/or moved to different locations, provided you make sure the file names and/or full paths to the files are entered in SheepShaver preferences.+**Classic setup:** We start with the description of a classic setup with all files together in a folder named "SheepShaver". That folder can be anywhere you like, for instance in your Applications folder or in your Home folder. In this setup, with the needed files together with the SheepShaver application in the SheepShaver folder, full paths are not required for configuration, just file names will work.\\ 
 +However, files and folders can be renamed and/or moved to different locations, provided you make sure the file names and/or full paths to the files are entered in SheepShaver preferences.
  
-**Note:** Changed settings in preferences will take effect after SheepShaver is quit and launched again. With only a restart in the emulated machine new settings will not be used.+**Changing settings:** After saving changes in preferences, always quit the SheepShaver application, shut down the emulated machine, and launch SheepShaver again. Only then will the changes take effect, after only a restart of the emulated machine new settings will not be used.
  
-**Mountain Lion and later issue:** OSX 10.8 and later prevents mounting of physical CD-ROMs in SheepShaver but images created from CD-ROMs still work fine. You can create an image from a CD with Disk Utility. Make sure you choose either "read/write" (.dmg) or "DVD/CD Master" (.cdr) for the format. Compressed and read-only formats will not work. Follow the instructions in Italics for setup with a system install disk image.+**CD-ROMs:** Up to Mac OS X 10.7, physical CD-ROMs can be mounted within SheepShaver. Just insert the CD on the host system and the CD will be mounted on the guest desktop. OS X 10.8 and later prevents mounting of physical CD-ROMs in SheepShaver but disk images created from CD-ROMs will work fine.
  
-//(This guide describes a setup with installation of the Mac OS using a general retail system install CD. Alternative instructions for using a disk image file of a system install CD are added throughout this guide in italics and between brackets.)//+As most users will now use disk image files instead of physical CD-ROMs, this guide will describe a setup with installation of the Mac OS using a disk image file created from a system install CD.
  
-Please post questions and comments on E-Maculation SheepShaver forum: http://www.emaculation.com/forum/.+//(Alternative instructions for using a real physical install CD are added throughout this guide in italics between brackets.)//
  
 +Please post questions and comments on E-Maculation SheepShaver forum: https://www.emaculation.com/forum/.
 ===== Setting up SheepShaver ===== ===== Setting up SheepShaver =====
 ==== You need a Mac OS install CD ==== ==== You need a Mac OS install CD ====
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 You will need a compatible Mac OS install CD to be able to install a Mac OS in the SheepShaver emulated machine. Depending on the used ROM file (see below for more info on ROM files), SheepShaver can run System 7.5.3 through Mac OS 9.0.4. SheepShaver cannot run 9.1 or later. You will need a compatible Mac OS install CD to be able to install a Mac OS in the SheepShaver emulated machine. Depending on the used ROM file (see below for more info on ROM files), SheepShaver can run System 7.5.3 through Mac OS 9.0.4. SheepShaver cannot run 9.1 or later.
  
-Only generic retail Mac OS install CDs are fully compatible with SheepShaver. A system install CD that was originally provided with a new Mac will only install on that specific model. *+Only general retail Mac OS install CDs are fully compatible with SheepShaver. A system install CD that was originally provided with a new Mac will only install on that specific model. *
  
  
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 === === === ===
  
-//(A disk image of a retail Mac OS install CD can be used instead of the real CD. The disk image must be in non-compressed format and the image file must be locked in the Finder to convince the installer that it is on the original read-only CDThroughout this manual, instructions for using a install CD disk image instead of a real CD are in italics and between brackets.)//+This guide assumes that you own suitable retail Mac OS install CD and that you can create a disk image from it.\\ 
 +Install CD image files can also be downloaded from various places on the internet. Make sure the image is indeed created from a general retail Mac OS install CD. Any usual disk image file format will do as long as it is not read-only or compressed format. A retail international English Mac OS 9.0.4 install CD image can be downloaded from the Macintosh Garden site. On that site search for "Mac OS 9.0.4" and on the Mac OS 9.0.4 page look for the file "MacOS904CD_Intl.ZIP".
  
-//(This guide assumes that you own a suitable retail Mac OS install CD and that you can create disk image from it as described above in the Introduction chapter and in more detail in the Known Issues chapter below. A retail international English Mac OS 9.0.4 disk image can be downloaded from the Macintosh Garden site. On that site search for "Mac OS 9.0.4" and on the Mac OS 9.0.4 page look for the file "MacOS904CD_Intl.ZIP".)//+You can create disk images from CD-ROMs using Disk Utility:\\ 
 +- Mount the CD in OSX/macOS\\ 
 +- Start Disk Utility (in the /Applications/Utilities/ folder))\\ 
 +- Select the CD volume (not the drive) in the list on the left\\ 
 +- Click New Image in the tool bar or in newer Disk Utility versions use New Image from the File menu\\ 
 +- Choose DVD/CD master for the format\\ 
 +- Save the image file. It will have a .cdr extension.
  
 ==== The files you need in your SheepShaver folder ==== ==== The files you need in your SheepShaver folder ====
  
 === 1. The SheepShaver application === === 1. The SheepShaver application ===
 +
 +The SheepShaver application and the SheepShaver folder are presented as separate downloads. Drag the SheepShaver application into the SheepShaver folder.
  
 === 2. A compatible ROM file === === 2. A compatible ROM file ===
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 **SheepShaver will not run without a compatible ROM file. If SheepShaver does not find a compatible ROM file, it will immediately quit on launch.** **SheepShaver will not run without a compatible ROM file. If SheepShaver does not find a compatible ROM file, it will immediately quit on launch.**
  
-It may be difficult to get hold of a compatible ROM file as distributing bare ROM files violates Apple license agreements. Emaculation.com site policy is to not offer or link directly to bare ROM files, although Apple seems to have stopped taking action against distribution of ROM files.+It may be difficult to get hold of a compatible ROM file as distributing bare ROM files violates Apple license agreements. Emaculation.com site policy is still to not offer or link directly to bare ROM files, although Apple seems to have stopped taking action against distribution of ROM files.
  
-The ROM file from a 9.0.4 system CD will not work with any version of SheepShaver. ROM files from a 8.5 or 8.6 system CD may work with SheepShaver for Windows, but do not work with SheepShaver for Mac OS X (with a few specific exceptions that are beyond the scope of this manual).+The ROM file from a 9.0.4 system CD will not work with any version of SheepShaver. ROM files from a 8.5 or 8.6 system CD may work with SheepShaver for Windows, but do not work with SheepShaver for OSX/macOS (with a few specific exceptions that are beyond the scope of this manual).
  
-ROM files that will work with SheepShaver for Mac OS X are either an "old world" rom image grabbed from an actual hardware PowerMacintosh ROM, or the "new world" rom file extracted from the "Mac OS ROM Update 1.0" using TomeViewer. The "Mac OS ROM Update 1.0" can be downloaded from Apple, but you need to have a working Mac OS system (or Classic in Mac OS X) to run TomeViewer.+ROM files that will work with SheepShaver for OSX/macOS are either an "old world" rom image grabbed from an actual hardware PowerMacintosh ROM, or the "new world" rom file extracted from the "Mac OS ROM Update 1.0" using TomeViewer. The "Mac OS ROM Update 1.0" can be downloaded from Apple, but you need to have a working Mac OS system (or Classic in Mac OS X) to run TomeViewer.
  
 [[http://www.open.ou.nl/hsp/Engels/SheepShaver_Help/rom_file_how_to.html|Extracting the ROM file from the Mac OS ROM Update]]\\ [[http://www.open.ou.nl/hsp/Engels/SheepShaver_Help/rom_file_how_to.html|Extracting the ROM file from the Mac OS ROM Update]]\\
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 If you want to install 8.6 through 9.0.4, best use the new world rom. If you want to install 8.6 through 9.0.4, best use the new world rom.
  
-When you have acquired a compatible ROM file, **rename it "Mac OS ROM"** (without the quotation marks and without a file name extension) if that is not yet its name. (SheepShaver will recognize a ROM file with that name in the same folder when no prefs file is yet configured.)+When you have acquired a compatible ROM file, **rename it "Mac OS ROM"**without the quotation marks and without a file name extension. You can check the existence of an extension in Finder Info for the file. (The renaming is needed because without configuration SheepShaver will still recognize a ROM file with the name Mac OS ROM in the same folder.)
  
 === 3. A keycodes file === === 3. A keycodes file ===
  
-The keycodes file is needed with other than US-English QWERTY keyboard layouts. It is not needed (but does no harm either) if only a US-English keyboard will be used. If you did not get a keycodes file with your SheepShaver application, you can download one here:+The keycodes file is needed with other than US-English QWERTY keyboard layouts. It is not needed (but does no harm either) if only a US-English keyboard will be used. The keycodes file is already present in the downloaded SheepShaver folder. 
 + 
 + 
 +=== 4. The install CD image file ===
  
-[[http://www.xs4all.nl/~ronaldpr/sheepshaverforum/keycodes.zip|http://www.xs4all.nl/~ronaldpr/sheepshaverforum/keycodes.zip]]+If you are going to use an install CD image file for installing the Mac OS in SheepShaver, you may want to place also that image file inside the SheepShaver folder.
 ==== The shared folder ==== ==== The shared folder ====
  
 === === === ===
  
-From within SheepShaver you will have access to a folder on the Mac OS X side. That folder will appear on the SheepShaver desktop as a disk named "Unix". Files copied or saved in SheepShaver to the "Unix" disk, will appear in the shared folder on the Mac OS X side and files placed in the shared folder on the Mac OS X side will appear in the "Unix" disk in SheepShaver.+From within SheepShaver you will have access to a folder on the OSX/macOS side. That folder will appear on the SheepShaver desktop as a disk named "Unix". Files copied or saved in SheepShaver to the "Unix" disk, will appear in the shared folder on the OSX/macOS side and files placed in the shared folder on the OSX/macOS side will appear in the "Unix" disk in SheepShaver.
  
-Before you start configuring SheepShaver, create a folder that can serve as shared folder. The folder can be anywhere it is convenient for you and it can have any name you like, but do not use the SheepShaver folder as your shared folder. Below I describe configuring SheepShaver for a shared folder that I created on my Mac OS X desktop and that I named "Shared".+Before you start configuring SheepShaver, create a folder that can serve as shared folder. The folder can be anywhere it is convenient for you and it can have any name you like, but do not use the SheepShaver folder as your shared folder. Below I describe configuring SheepShaver for a shared folder that I created on my OSX/macOS desktop and that I named "Shared".
  
-**Note:** Although the most serious bugs that plagued the shared folder feature in early versions of SheepShaver have been solved, we still advise to not use folders like your Documents folder or your Home folder as shared folder and not keep the only existing copy of a file in the shared folder.+**Note:** Although serious bugs that plagued the shared folder feature in early versions of SheepShaver have been solved, we still advise to not use folders like your Documents folder or your Home folder as shared folder and not keep the only existing copy of a file in the shared folder.
  
 **Note:** Applications cannot run properly from the "Unix" disk.\\ **Note:** Applications cannot run properly from the "Unix" disk.\\
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 === === === ===
  
-When the needed files are in the SheepShaver folderwhen you have created a shared folder, and when you have your Mac OS system install disk ready, you can start configuring SheepShaver.+When the needed files are in the SheepShaver folder and when you have created a shared folder, you can start configuring SheepShaver.
  
 === 1. Start SheepShaver === === 1. Start SheepShaver ===
 +
 +SheepShaver is not code signed. The first time you launch SheepShaver you may need to right-click or control-click its icon to open it from the contextual menu.
  
 If SheepShaver does not find a compatible ROM file, it will immediately quit on launch. If SheepShaver does not find a compatible ROM file, it will immediately quit on launch.
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 {{ http://www.emaculation.com/sheepshaverosx/question.png }} {{ http://www.emaculation.com/sheepshaverosx/question.png }}
  
-**Note:** At this stage you can only quit SheepShaver pressing Control-Escape.+**Note:** At this stage you can only hard quit SheepShaver by pressing Control-Escape.
  
 === 2. Open Preferences from SheepShaver application menu === === 2. Open Preferences from SheepShaver application menu ===
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 Choose Preferences from the SheepShaver menu to open the preferences (Virtual Machine Settings) window. Choose Preferences from the SheepShaver menu to open the preferences (Virtual Machine Settings) window.
  
-(The preferences settings will be saved in invisible file .sheepshaver_prefs in your Home folder. The following description assumes that SheepShaver is set up for the first time and that there is no pre-existing ~/.sheepshaver_prefs file.)+(The preferences settings will be saved in an invisible file .sheepshaver_prefs in your Home folder. The following description assumes that SheepShaver is set up for the first time and that there is no pre-existing ~/.sheepshaver_prefs file.)
  
 === 3. Configure preferences in Setup tab === === 3. Configure preferences in Setup tab ===
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 First add the ROM file name using the "Browse..." button to find and "Open" the ROM file. First add the ROM file name using the "Browse..." button to find and "Open" the ROM file.
  
-{{ http://www.emaculation.com/sheepshaverosx/prefs0.png }}+{{ :ssosxprefs0-2.png }}
  
 **Volumes**\\ **Volumes**\\
 You can now proceed with creating the disk image file that will be the virtual hard disk on the emulated Mac. Click the "Create..." button. You can now proceed with creating the disk image file that will be the virtual hard disk on the emulated Mac. Click the "Create..." button.
  
-{{ http://www.emaculation.com/sheepshaverosx/create.png }}+{{ :ssosxcreate-2.png }}
  
-Choose an appropriate name for the image file, for instance MacOS9. (An extension .dsk will be suggested, but no extension is needed.) Choose a size for the volume (for instance 500MB or 1000MB) and save the file in the SheepShaver folder. (Creating a large disk image may take a while after the "Save" button is clicked. Wait till the dialog closes and the created volume appears in the Volumes list.)+Choose an appropriate name for the image file, for instance MacOS9. (An extension .dsk will be suggested, but no extension is needed.) Choose a size in MB for the volume (for instance 500 or 1000 or 2000) and save the file in the SheepShaver folder. (Creating a large disk image may take a while after the "Save" button is clicked. Wait till the dialog closes and the created volume appears in the Volumes list.)
  
-{{ http://www.emaculation.com/sheepshaverosx/prefs1.png }}+Then, if a Mac OS install CD image file is used, use the "Add..." button to find and "Open" the CD image file. That image file will appear in the Volumes list below the volume you created. Check the CDROM box for the CD image file to make it behave inside SheepShaver as an actual CD-ROM. In my example I used an install CD image named "Mac OS 9 Retail.toast".
  
-//(If an install CD disk image file is used instead of a real install CDUse the "Add..." button to find and "Open" the CD disk image file. That image file will appear in the Volumes list below the volume you created. See also the information above, under "You need a Mac OS install CD", about using a disk image file.)//+{{ :ssosxprefs1-2.png }}
  
 **Unix Root**\\ **Unix Root**\\
 Add the path to your shared folder using the second "Browse..." button to find and "Open" the folder you created to be the shared folder. (In this example I used a folder named "Shared" on my desktop.) Add the path to your shared folder using the second "Browse..." button to find and "Open" the folder you created to be the shared folder. (In this example I used a folder named "Shared" on my desktop.)
  
-**Do not keep the default value "/", that setting would make your entire hard disk the shared folder !**+**Do not keep the default value "/", that setting would make your entire hard disk the shared folder.**
  
 **RAM Size (MB)**\\ **RAM Size (MB)**\\
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 === 4. Configure preferences in Audio / Video tab === === 4. Configure preferences in Audio / Video tab ===
  
-{{ http://www.emaculation.com/sheepshaverosx/prefs2.png }}+{{ :ssosxprefs2-2.png }}
  
 **Video Type**\\ **Video Type**\\
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 **Refresh Rate**\\ **Refresh Rate**\\
-On fast Intel machines the preferred setting is "Dynamic". +On fast Intel machines always choose "Dynamic"Lower settings will make the emulated machine appear sluggish.
-(On slower machines a lower setting like 30Hz or 15Hz may improve performance and will lower the extreme CPU hunger of SheepShaver on PPC machines.)+
  
 **Width and Height**\\ **Width and Height**\\
-Set Width and Height for the window to lower values than the width and height of your screen. If you have a large screen, you can enter higher values than those in the menu, for instance 1280 x 800.+Set Width and Height for the window to lower values than the width and height of your screen. If you have a large screen, you can enter higher values than the presets in the menu, for instance 1280 x 800.
  
 Check **Enable QuickDraw Acceleration**. Check **Enable QuickDraw Acceleration**.
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 === 5. Configure preferences in Miscellaneous tab === === 5. Configure preferences in Miscellaneous tab ===
  
-{{ :ssosxprefs3.png }}+{{ :ssosxprefs3-2.png }}
  
 **CPU Options**\\ **CPU Options**\\
-Check only  "Enable JIT Compiler", "Allow Emulated CPU to Idle", and "Ignore Illegal Memory Accesses".+Check  "Enable JIT Compiler", "Allow Emulated CPU to Idle", and "Ignore Illegal Memory Accesses".
  
 **Mouse/Keyboard**\\ **Mouse/Keyboard**\\
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 === 6. Save your settings === === 6. Save your settings ===
  
-Click "Save" to save the settings and to close the Preferences window.+Click "Save" to save the settings and to close the Preferences window.\\ 
 +(In 2 February 2019 and later builds the "Save" button is replaced by a "Save and Quit" button. It will remind the user that SheepShaver needs to be quit and shut down after changes in Preferences are saved.)
  
 === 7. Quit SheepShaver === === 7. Quit SheepShaver ===
  
-The emulated machine cannot be shutdown normally while waiting for a boot disk and SheepShaver cannot be quit with the emulated machine still running. So at this point we use Control-Escape to quit SheepShaver, which is equivalent to a hard shut down of the emulated machine. +The emulated machine cannot be shut down normally while waiting for a boot disk and SheepShaver cannot be quit with the emulated machine still running. So at this point we use Control-Escape to quit SheepShaver, which is equivalent to a hard shut down of the emulated machine.
 ==== Booting SheepShaver and installing the system ==== ==== Booting SheepShaver and installing the system ====
  
 === === === ===
  
-If you use a real install CD, **first insert the CD** and have it mount in Mac OS X.+//(If you use a real install CD, **first insert the CD** and have it mount in OSX/macOS.)//
  
-//(If you use a install CD disk image instead of a real install CD, make sure the CD image file is locked in the Finder: Check the "Locked" box in Finder "Get Info" for the fileDo not mount the image in Mac OS X.)//+Do **not** have your install CD image mounted in OSX/macOS.
  
-**Launch SheepShaver**. The emulated machine will startup from the install CD //(or from the CD disk image)//.+**Launch SheepShaver**. The emulated machine will start up from the install CD image //(or from the install CD)//.
  
-During startup, the system will encounter the newly created volume and will offer to initialize it. Give the volume an appropriate name (for instance MacOS9HD) and (for Mac OS 8.1 or later) choose Mac OS Extended for the format. Click to proceed with initializing the volume.+During startup, the system will encounter the newly created volume and will offer to initialize it. Give the volume an appropriate name (for instance MacOS9HD) and (for Mac OS 8.1 and later) choose Mac OS Extended for the format. Click to proceed with initializing the volume.
  
-Finally, you will see the desktop with icons for the startup volume (the CD or the CD disk image), for the new volume that you will install the system onto, and for the "Unix" volume that gives access to the shared folder on the Mac OS X side.+Finally, you will see the desktop with icons for the startup volume (the CD image or the CD), for the new volume that you will install the system onto, and for the "Unix" volume that gives access to the shared folder on the OSX/macOS side.
  
 Proceed with the system installation by starting (double-clicking) the installer "Mac OS Install". Proceed with the system installation by starting (double-clicking) the installer "Mac OS Install".
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 When the installation is completed, you can quit the installer. When the installation is completed, you can quit the installer.
  
-//(If you used a install CD disk image file instead of a real install CD: Open SheepShaver Preferences and remove the CD disk image file from the volumes list, select it and click the Remove button.)//+Open SheepShaver Preferences and **remove the CD disk image file from the volumes list**, select it and click the Remove button.
  
-Shut down the emulated machine and quit SheepShaver.+Save the change and shut down the emulated machine to quit SheepShaver.
  
-If you used a real install CD, you can now remove it in Mac OS X.+//(If you used a real install CD, you can now remove it in OSX/macOS.)//
 ===== Running Mac OS in SheepShaver ===== ===== Running Mac OS in SheepShaver =====
 ==== First run, setup, basic functions ==== ==== First run, setup, basic functions ====
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 **Enable network access**\\ **Enable network access**\\
-Set the TCP/IP control panel to Ethernet and DHCP. As soon as you start using IP network access, for instance with a web-browser, the IP adresses will become visible in the control panel.+Set the TCP/IP control panel to Ethernet and DHCP. As soon as you start using IP network access, for instance with a web-browser, the IP addresses will become visible in the control panel.
  
 **QuickTime**\\ **QuickTime**\\
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 **CD-ROM**\\ **CD-ROM**\\
-To use a CD-ROM in SheepShaver, insert and mount the CD before launching SheepShaver. SheepShaver will only recognize CD-ROMs, no other disk formats like Audio CDs or DVDs.+You can use a CD-ROM in SheepShaver on MacOSX 10.7 and earlier. SheepShaver will only recognize CD-ROMs, no other disk formats like Audio CDs or DVDs.
  
-(OSX 10.8 and later prevents mounting physical CD-ROMs in SheepShaver. Use disk images instead.)+OSX 10.8 and later prevents mounting physical CD-ROMs in SheepShaver. Use disk images instead.
  
 **Additional volumes**\\ **Additional volumes**\\
-In Preferences you can create additional volumes (disk image files) or add existing compatible disk image files as additional volumes. All volumes in the volumes list will appear on the SheepShaver desktop. SheepShaver will startup from the first bootable volume in the list.+In Preferences you can create additional volumes (disk image files) or add existing compatible disk image files as additional volumes. The next time you start SheepShaver, all volumes in the volumes list will appear on the SheepShaver desktop. If a volume needs to be mounted as CD-ROM, check the CDROM box for that volume in the list. SheepShaver will startup from the first bootable volume in the list.
  
 +Most 'Classic' Mac disk images can be mounted in SheepShaver. Also disk images created with Disk Utility in OSX/macOS can be mounted, provided the format chosen while creating the image is either "read/write" (.dmg) or "DVD/CD Master" (.cdr). Compressed or read-only formats will not work.
 +
 +Note that after any change in preferences SheepShaver needs to be quit and launched again.
 ==== The shared folder / "Unix" disk ==== ==== The shared folder / "Unix" disk ====
  
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 **Transferring files**\\ **Transferring files**\\
-As explained above, the shared folder that you created in Mac OS X will appear on the SheepShaver desktop as a disk (a volume) named “Unix”. Files copied or saved in SheepShaver to the “Unix” disk, will appear in the shared folder on the Mac OS X side and files placed in the shared folder on the Mac OS X side will appear in the “Unix” disk in SheepShaver. That way you can use the shared folder and the “Unix” disk to transfer or exchange files in both directions.+As explained above, the shared folder that you created in OSX/macOS will appear on the SheepShaver desktop as a disk (a volume) named “Unix”. Files copied or saved in SheepShaver to the “Unix” disk, will appear in the shared folder on the OSX/macOS side and files placed in the shared folder on the OSX/macOS side will appear in the “Unix” disk in SheepShaver. That way you can use the shared folder and the “Unix” disk to transfer or exchange files in both directions.
  
 Exchanging files via the shared folder used to be crippled by many bugs. The most serious bugs have been solved but you may still encounter occasional unexpected behaviour while copying folders to and from the “Unix” disk. Exchanging files via the shared folder used to be crippled by many bugs. The most serious bugs have been solved but you may still encounter occasional unexpected behaviour while copying folders to and from the “Unix” disk.
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 If you use the shared folder and “Unix” disk to transfer applications for use in SheepShaver, always copy the applications and related files within SheepShaver from the “Unix” disk to the startup system volume (or to another mounted disk image volume) before actually using them. If you use the shared folder and “Unix” disk to transfer applications for use in SheepShaver, always copy the applications and related files within SheepShaver from the “Unix” disk to the startup system volume (or to another mounted disk image volume) before actually using them.
  
-Note that moving files directly from the “Unix” disk onto the SheepShaver desktop, does not copy them to the startup system volume. Those files will still be on the “Unix” disk, in fact inside the folder “Desktop Folder” in the shared folder.+Note that moving files directly from the “Unix” disk onto the SheepShaver desktop, does not copy them to the startup system volume. Those files will still be on the “Unix” disk, in fact inside the folder “Desktop Folder” in the shared folder. If you want to copy files from the "Unix" disk to the desktop, hold the Option key while dragging the file. That way the file will be copied to the desktop of the startup system volume.
  
 **Trashing files**\\ **Trashing files**\\
-Trashing files from the shared folder should be done at the Mac OS X side. On the Mac OS side, the trash cannot be emptied when it contains files from the "Unix" disk+Trashing files from the shared folder should be done at the OSX/macOS side. On the Mac OS side, the trash cannot be emptied when it contains files from the "Unix" disk.
- +
-==== Mounting disk images ==== +
- +
-=== === +
- +
-Most 'Classic' Mac disk images can be mounted in SheepShaver by adding the image file to the Volumes list in Sheepshaver preferences. The next time you start SheepShaver, the volume will appear on the Mac OS desktop. +
- +
-Disk images created with Disk Utility in Mac OS X can be mounted the same way, provided the format chosen while creating the image is either "read/write" (.dmg) or "DVD/CD Master" (.cdr). Compressed or read-only formats will not work. +
- +
-A system install CD image file must be locked in Mac OS X Finder Get Info because the installer will refuse to work on writeable media. Locking the file is usually not needed for other CD images, but it can be used as a precaution to make sure the content of the image is not changed.+
 ==== Printing ==== ==== Printing ====
  
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 === === === ===
  
-SheepShaver can be set to run full-screen in the Audio / Video tab in preferences by setting "Video Type" to "Fullscreen". The resolution settings (Width and Height) will be respected and will fill the available screen maximally while retaining proportions. On a modern high-resolution wide-screen monitor, a 1024x769 resolution will be thus be shown with black bars at the left and right sides of the screen. With the resolution set to "Maximum", the native resolution of the screen will be used.+SheepShaver can run full-screen. **Using Control-Return, you can toggle between window mode and full-screen mode.** The resolution settings in Preferences (Width and Height) will be respected and SheepShaver will fill the available screen optimally while retaining proportions. Depending on the screen size and resolution, the OSX/macOS version, and the SheepShaver version, SheepShaver may be displayed with black bars at the left and right sides and/or at the top and bottom of the screen. With the resolution in SheepShaver preferences set to "Maximum", the native resolution of the screen will be used optimally.
  
-While SheepShaver is running full-screen, the Mac OS X environment cannot be accessed. That includes the Mac OS X menu bar and thus SheepShaver preferences. If you want to make changes to SheepShaver preferences you need to go back to running SheepShaver in window mode. +While SheepShaver is running full-screen, the OSX/macOS environment cannot be accessed. That includes the OSX/macOS menu bar and thus SheepShaver preferences. If you want to make changes to SheepShaver preferences you need to go back to running SheepShaver in window mode.
- +
-The latest SheepShaver build makes that easy with a new feature: **fullscreen/window mode toggle by pressing Control-Return**. +
- +
-\\ +
-\\ +
- +
-With older builds, if you want to go back to running SheepShaver in window mode, you can use the stand-alone preferences editor: +
- +
-http://www.xs4all.nl/~ronaldpr/sheepshaverforum/SheepShaverPrefs.zip +
- +
-Or you can edit the related line in the prefs file in a text editor: +
- +
-Window mode and 1024x769 resolution: +
-  screen win/1024/769 +
- +
-Fullscreen mode and 1024x769 resolution: +
-  screen dga/1024/769 +
- +
-Fullscreen mode and maximum resolution: +
-  screen dga/0/0+
  
 +In SheepShaver Preferences, in the Audio / Video tab, you can set SheepShaver to start up in full-screen mode by setting “Video Type” to “Fullscreen”. Control-Return toggling between full-screen mode and window mode will then also work.
  
 +**Mission Control and Spaces**
 +The 64-bit 2.5 version SheepShaver builds (Mac OS X 10.7 and later only) will behave much like other applications in full-screen mode. It is compatible with Mission Control and you can easily switch between SheepShaver in full-screen mode and other applications in full-screen mode or the desktop using the swipe gesture that moves between spaces.
 ===== Virtual machines ===== ===== Virtual machines =====
  
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 === === === ===
-SheepShaver for OS X supports self-contained virtual machines. These virtual machines are packages with all needed files inside. They are portable to any compatible Mac OS X system. Multiple virtual machines can be created, each with its own settings, and they can coexist with a 'classic' setup as described above in this guide.+SheepShaver for OSX/macOS supports self-contained virtual machines. These virtual machines are packages with all needed files inside. They are portable to any compatible OSX/macOS system. Multiple virtual machines can be created, each with its own settings, and they can coexist with a 'classic' setup as described above in this guide.
  
-The feature was added to SheepShaver in 2009. It was discussed in the forum here:\\ +Apart from the .sheepvm package creation, the setup is identical to the 'classic' SheepShaver setup:
-http://www.emaculation.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=5754 +
- +
-These instructions are about self-contained .sheepvm packages. A way to manage multiple virtual machines from one setup window will be described under "SheepShaverLauncher"+
- +
-Apart from the .sheepvm package creation, the setup is similar to the 'classic' SheepShaver setup:+
  
 **1. A SheepShaver application needs to be present on your machine.** **1. A SheepShaver application needs to be present on your machine.**
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 - Add a .sheepvm extension to the folder name\\ - Add a .sheepvm extension to the folder name\\
  
-When you add the extension, the folder will change into a package with a SheepShaver icon. I will refer to it as the VM.+As soon as you add the extension, the folder will change into a package with a SheepShaver icon. I will refer to it as the VM.
  
 **3. Double-click the VM icon.**\\ **3. Double-click the VM icon.**\\
-SheepShaver will start and you can set up the VM in SheepShaver preferences as you would a 'classic' SheepShaver setup as described above in this setup manual. The settings will not affect other existing SheepShaver setups on your machine. Note that the Open/Save dialog will default to the VM's package content. Create the disk image that will be the Mac OS startup disk inside the VM package.+SheepShaver will start and you can set up the VM in SheepShaver preferences as you would a 'classic' SheepShaver setup as described above in this setup manual. The settings will not affect other existing SheepShaver setups on your machine. Note that, when using the Create, Browse, Add, etc. buttons, the Open/Save dialogs can access packages. Create the disk image that will be the Mac OS startup disk inside the VM package.
  
-Multiple different VMs can be set up but not more than one can be run at the same time.+VMs are portable and will work on any compatible OSX/macOS system that has SheepShaver installed. If a SheepShaver.app is added to the VM, it is portable as one single package to machines that do not have SheepShaver installed* *
  
-VMs are portable and will work on any compatible Mac OS X system that has SheepShaver installed. If a SheepShaver.app is added to the VMit is portable as one single package to machines that do not have SheepShaver installed.+You can add or remove files to/from the VM by opening it in the Finder: Select the VM, right-click (or control-click) on the icon and choose "Show Package Contents" from the contextual menu.
  
 == == == ==
-//The VM will not necessarily use the SheepShaver application inside. The VM behaves as a SheepShaver document that will be opened with the "default" SheepShaver application. This can be the SheepShaver.app inside that VM, or a SheepShaver.app in a different VM, or a SheepShaver.app installed elsewhere on your machine. If any SheepShaver.app is launched directly, also when it resides inside a VMit will run in 'classic' setup and it will thus use the hidden .sheepshaver_prefs file in the Home directory.//+//The empty "prefs" file needs to be added because SheepShaver will not create a new prefs file in the VM if no prefs file is present (no doubt not intended behavior). The empty file can be created in a text editorMake sure it has no file name extensionwhich can be checked and corrected in the Finder Info panel for the file.//
  
 +//* * Note that the VM will not necessarily use the SheepShaver application inside. The VM behaves as a SheepShaver document that will be opened with the "default" SheepShaver application or with the SheepShaver application that is chosen using "Open with" from the contextual menu. This can be the SheepShaver.app inside that VM, or a SheepShaver.app in a different VM, or a SheepShaver.app installed elsewhere on your machine. If any SheepShaver.app is launched directly, also when it resides inside a VM, it will run in 'classic' setup and it will thus use the hidden .sheepshaver_prefs file in the Home directory. Each copy of SheepShaver can open only one VM or setup at the same time.//
 === === === ===
-You can add or remove files to/from the VM by opening it in the Finder: Select the VM, right-click (or control-click) on the icon and choose "Show Package Contents" from the contextual menu. 
  
-* The empty "prefs" file needs to be added because SheepShaver will not create a new prefs file in the VM if no prefs file is present (no doubt not intended behavior). The empty file can be created in a text editor. Make sure it has no file name extension, which can be checked and corrected in the Finder Info panel for the file. +===== Additional features =====
-==== SheepShaverLauncher ====+
  
 +=== ===
  
-===== Uninstalling SheepShaver =====+Some features are not mentioned elsewhere in this manual: 
 + 
 +**Grabbing mouse cursor toggle** (Only in version 2.4 builds)\\ 
 +Using Control-F5 will contain the mouse cursor within the SheepShaver window. This may be useful with some games. 
 + 
 +===== Advanced features (Version 2.5 builds only) =====
  
 === === === ===
  
-To uninstall SheepShaver, simply remove all files in your SheepShaver folder and remove the folder itselfIf your shared folder is also in that folder, you might want to move some files from that folder somewhere else first (that is, if you want to keep them).+**These features can be activated by manually editing the preferences file** (**~/.sheepshaver_prefs** in a classic setup or **prefs** in a VM).
  
-Then remove the two hidden files from your Home folderOpen Terminal (in Applications/Utilities) and enter+**• Hardware cursor in window mode**\\ 
-  rm .sheepshaver_prefs +The version 2.5 builds use a different way to display the cursor in window mode, they use the software cursor that is also used in full-screen modeIf you prefer the hardware cursor in window mode, you can add this line to the preferences file
-  rm .sheepshaver_nvram+  hardcursor true 
 +However, with the hardware cursor the cursor issues in version 2.4, when switching between window mode and full-screen mode, will also return. (See below under Known Issues.)
  
-That's it!  +**• Hardware cursor in full-screen mode** (29 March 2019 and later builds)\\ 
-=====Known issues=====+The hardware cursor can also be used in full-screen mode if also integer scaling is used. You can enable the hardware cursor in full-screen mode by adding these lines to the preferences file 
 +  hardcursor true 
 +  scale_integer true 
 +  scale_nearest true 
 +See also "Changing scaling algorithm" below.
  
-====All Builds====+**• Changing the hotkey**\\ 
 +By default, the hotkey used with window/full-screen toggle and mouse grabbing toggle is the Control key (Control-Return and Control-F5). You can change the hotkey by adding a "hotkey" item to the preferences file:
  
-=== ===+1: control(default)\\ 
 +2: option\\ 
 +3: control+option\\ 
 +4: command\\ 
 +5: control+command\\ 
 +6: option+command\\ 
 +7: control+option+command
  
-**On PPC machines**\\ +For instance, you can set the hotkey to Control-Command by adding this line to the preferences file: 
-SheepShaver is extremely CPU hungry on PPC hostsDo not set refresh rate in SheepShaver preferences higher than 30Hz.+  hotkey 5 
 +   
 +**• Changing scaling algorithm** (Works as intended in 24 February 2019 and later builds)\\ 
 +Using nearest-neighbour or integer scaling will improve display quality when a low resolution emulator screen is displayed on a high resolution monitor (Retina screen)Nearest-neighbour or integer scaling can be applied by adding one or both of these lines to the preferences file: 
 +  scale_integer true
  
-**Crash at startup**\\ +  scale_nearest true
-On some host machines and/or with some configurations in the installed Mac OS system, SheepShaver will crash during Mac OS startup. In Console log you will then typically find, among the lines that refer to SheepShaver, a line that ends with “SIGSEGV”. (View the log with Console application in /Applications/Utilities/)+
  
-The exact cause of the crash is not knownbut in most cases it can be prevented by checking “Ignore Illegal Memory Accesses” in Miscellaneous tab in SheepShaver preferences as advised in the configuration directions aboveWhen it is impossible to start SheepShaver because of the crash, you can change preferences settings with the stand-alone preferences editor:+**• Changing reported CPU speed** (16 January 2019 and later builds)\\ 
 +SheepShaver identifies itself as a 100MHz machine to software running on it. Although the reported 100MHz is unrelated to the actual speedsome software may show a message that it will not run because it needs a faster machine. The reported CPU speed can be changed by adding a cpuclock item to the preferences file: 
 +  cpuclock 200 
 +This line wil make SheepShaver identify itself as a 200MHz machine.\\ 
 +**Note: **This setting does not change the actual speed!
  
-Download: http://www.xs4all.nl/~ronaldpr/sheepshaverforum/SheepShaverPrefs.zip+**• Offset date in years and/or days** (20 February 2019 and later builds)\\ 
 +The date inside SheepShaver can be set in the past or in the future, in years and/or daysThis may be needed for using some specific software. 
 +Adding these lines to the preferences file will set the date to 25 February 1989 when the actual date on the host is 20 February 2019: 
 +  yearofs -30 
 +  dayofs +5 
 +**Note: **This feature can mix up relations between older files and newer files and between files' creation dates and modification dates. It should only be used by experienced users who know what they are doing, preferably in a separate (sheepvm VM) setup. 
 +===== Uninstalling SheepShaver =====
  
-**CD-ROMs in OSX 10.8 (Mountain Lion) and later**\\ +=== ===
-OSX 10.8 and later prevent mounting of physical CD-ROMs in SheepShaver. Use CD disk images instead.\\+
  
-To create a disk image: \\ +To uninstall SheepShaver, simply remove all files in your SheepShaver folder and remove the folder itself. If your shared folder is also in that folder, you might want to move some files from that folder somewhere else first (that is, if you want to keep them).
-- Mount the CD in OSX \\ +
-- Start Disk Utility (in the /Applications/Utilities folder))\\ +
-- Select the CD in the list on the left\\ +
-- Click New Image in the tool bar (in newer Disk Utility versions use New Image from the File menu)\\ +
-- Choose DVD/CD master for the format\\ +
-- Click Save\\ +
-- Place the image file where you want to use it and then lock the file in the OSX Finder (checkbox in the Finder Info panel for the file).\\ +
-- Use the SheepShaver preferences editor to add the image to the volumes list. Shut down and restart SheepShaver. The CD will show up on the desktop.\\+
  
-In some cases, when the CD has a special format or when the software insists that the original CD needs to be present, you need to use the **Virtual DVD-ROM/CD Utility** to get a CD image to mount in SheepShaver.+Then remove the two hidden files from your Home folder. Open Terminal (in Applications/Utilities) and enter: 
 +  rm .sheepshaver_prefs 
 +  rm .sheepshaver_nvram 
 +   
 +Or use the two scripts that are included in the SheepShaver folder download.
  
-Download: http://www.emaculation.com/basilisk/VirtualCD_Imager_v1.0d0.sit +That'it! 
- +=====Known issues=====
-- Start SheepShaver.\\ +
-- Install the Virtual DVD-ROM/CD Utility\\ +
-- Create a new volume with the preferences editor, large enough to hold the contents of the CD image you will create. For one CD image, 800 Mb should be enough. You can create a larger volume to hold more such CD images.\\ +
-- Shut down and restart SheepShaver. The new disk image will need to be initialized.\\ +
-- Use the preferences editor to add the CD image you created earlier in OSX (see above) to the volumes list.\\ +
-- Shut down SheepShaver, and start it again. The CD image will mount as a volume on the MacOS desktop.\\ +
-- Launch the Virtual DVD-ROM/CD Utility, click the button "Create CD/DVD Toast image", and select the mounted CD volume.\\ +
-- Save the new image to the large volume you created for this purpose.\\ +
-- Unmount the first CD volume from MacOS, remove the CD image from the volumes list, save, and shut down SheepShaver.\\ +
-- Start again SheepShaver and launch the Virtual DVD-ROM/CD Utility, click the button "Mount Toast .ati file as Virtual DVD-ROM" and open the image you created with this utility. This image will now mount in SheepShaver as a CD.\\+
  
-==== 11 February 2012 and later builds ====+==== All 2018 and later builds ====
  
 === === === ===
  
-**On PPC machines**\\ +**Crash at startup**\\ 
-These later builds appear to be unstable on some PPC configurations. The older 25 October 2009 build is generally more stable on PPC:+On some host machines and/or with some configurations in the installed Mac OS system, SheepShaver will crash during Mac OS startup. In the crash log you will then typically find a line that ends with “SIGSEGV”.
  
-http://www.xs4all.nl/~ronaldpr/sheepshaverforum/SheepShaver_UB_20091025.zip+Most of these crashes can be prevented by checking “Ignore Illegal Memory Accesses” in Miscellaneous tab in SheepShaver preferences as advised in the configuration directions aboveWhen it is impossible to start SheepShaver because of the crash, you can move the startup volume temporarily to a different locationThen you can launch SheepShaver to the screen with blinking question mark and access the Preferences.
  
-(That build will present on PPC an "unexpectedly quit" message at launch that can simply be dismissed and ignored.)+**Bug with the mount image as CD-ROM feature**\\ 
 +Unintended behavior when you try to remove/eject a virtual CD-ROM from within SheepShaver which under some circumstances can only be resolved by quitting SheepShaver.
  
-**On Intel machines**\\ +This issue can be avoided by only adding and removing disk images as CD-ROM in the Volumes list in SheepShaver Preferences. (As always: After a change in preferences settings quit SheepShaver and launch it again for the change to take effect.)
-After minimizing or hiding the SheepShaver window and again bringing it back in view, colors in the window will not be displayed correctlyIt can be resolved by forcing the emulator to redraw its screen by changing (and changing back) the color depth setting in Monitors control panel or from the color depth control strip tile.+
  
-If you find this issue very disturbing and do not need new features in later builds, you can try the older 25 October 2009 build:+==== Version 2.4 (9 July 2018) build ====
  
-http://www.xs4all.nl/~ronaldpr/sheepshaverforum/SheepShaver_UB_20091025.zip+=== ===
  
-**In 64-bit mode in Snow Leopard**\\ +**Cursor issues when switching between window mode and full-screen mode**\\ 
-Serious cursor problems with clicking in the menu bar in full-screen mode. Use SheepShaver in 32-bit mode if you want to use it full-screen.+When you switch from window to full-screen mode using Control-Return before you used the mouse cursor in the emulator at least once, you may loose the cursor. One click on the desktop or pressing the control key suffices to bring back the cursor.
  
-==== 1 February 2014 build ====+When you switch from full-screen to window mode using Control-Return, the cursor may be displayed twice. Also here, one click on the desktop or pressing the control key will solve the issue. 
 +==== Version 2.5 builds ====
  
 === === === ===
  
-When you switch from window to full-screen mode using Ctrl-Return before you used the mouse cursor in the emulator at least onceyou may loose the cursor. One click on the desktop or pressing the control key suffices to bring back the cursor.+**CapsLock issue**\\ 
 +If SheepShaver is launched while CapsLock is activetyped text will not correctly reflect the CapsLock status.
  
 +One press on the CapsLock key will correct the issue.